Using Reputation League figures.
Reputation League publishes independent estimates of the economic activation generated by football. Journalists, researchers and institutions are welcome to use them, with attribution.
Questions on a figure, interview requests, data for a specific club, city or competition, and institutional reports.
How to cite
In an article, the short form is enough: “according to Reputation League estimates”. In a report or a study, please use the full form, with the date of the data.
Reputation League, [club, host city or match]: economic activation, [season]. Football Economic Activation Framework (FEAF v3), data as of [date]. reputationleague.com
Every signal and every match page has a “Copy citation” button with the text already filled in.
Images, charts and tables
The images, charts and tables published on reputationleague.com can be reproduced in news coverage and research, provided that Reputation League is credited as the source and the figures are not changed. Every signal comes with a ready-made 4:5 image for articles and social media.
For commercial use, larger data sets or a dedicated assessment, please contact us.
What the figures show
Each figure estimates the spending that a football match brings to the real economy of the city that hosts it: hotels and other accommodation, restaurants and bars, local transport and shopping by the people who travel for the match.
- It is not club revenue. Ticketing, broadcasting and sponsorship are not included.
- It is not an “economic impact” multiplier. No indirect or induced effects are added: the figures are a conservative floor.
- Attendance is the official figure where it is published. International visitors and overnight stays are estimated with the same method for every match.
- Every match is measured the same way, so clubs, cities, competitions and seasons can be compared.
The full method is set out in the methodology.
How to read the platform
The terms used on the platform and in the signals, in plain words.
- Economic activation. The spending a match brings to its host city: accommodation, food and drink, local transport and shopping.
- Whole match / attributed. “Whole match” is the total for the match; “attributed” is the share credited to each club, depending on who travelled and where the match was played.
- Host city. The city where the match was played, which receives the spending.
- Official / Estimated. “Official” marks figures from official sources, such as attendance; “Estimated” marks figures calculated with the method, such as international visitors and overnight stays.
- International visitors. Spectators estimated to have travelled from another country for the match.
- Overnight stays. Nights spent in the host city by people who travelled for the match.
- Above competition average. How much a match exceeds the average match of the same competition between 2016 and 2025.
- Same date last season. The total of the previous season counted up to the same calendar date, for the same competitions.
- Matchday window. Matches are grouped into weekends (Friday to Monday) and midweek rounds (Tuesday to Thursday); European competition nights and international breaks are named as such.
- Signal grades. Strong: a record or a best performance since 2016. Moderate: a notable result, such as a milestone or a top match. Context: summaries and tables.
Updates and corrections
When an input changes, for example when an official attendance figure is published after the match, the figure is recalculated with the same method and the page shows the new date of the data. Signals are updated automatically and keep their original publication date.
If you believe a figure is wrong, write to signal@reputationleague.com: every report is checked against the sources.
One method, versioned
All figures currently published use version 3 of the Football Economic Activation Framework (FEAF v3). When the method changes, the version number changes and the change is recorded here, so that every figure can be traced to the method that produced it.
Independent by design
Reputation League has no commercial relationship with the clubs, competitions or cities it assesses, and no one can pay to be included, ranked or recognised. More in About.